Row Echelon Form (REF) Solver

Compute the Row Echelon Form using Gaussian elimination with step-by-step output.
For the fully reduced version, see RREF Solver.

A matrix is in Row Echelon Form (REF) if:

  • All zero rows are at the bottom
  • The first non-zero entry in each row (pivot) is to the right of the pivot in the row above

REF vs RREF:

  • REF only requires forward elimination (Gaussian elimination)
  • RREF additionally requires back-substitution (Gauss-Jordan elimination)
  • RREF has pivots = 1 and zeros above each pivot; REF does not
Rows: Columns:
Display Values as:
© 2025 Shelvean Kapita
kapita@tamu.edu
Last modified: June 19, 2025
This work is licensed under the MIT License.